Introduction
The fashionable laces were the classic needle and bobbin laces, while embroidery, macramé, netting, tatting, crochet and knitting were also used to make lace. The earliest embroidered laces, and possibly macramé, predate needle and bobbin lace but in the nineteenth century the others became popular ways of producing lace, usually for domestic use. The advent of machine-made net in the nineteenth century also led to new types of lace as the net could be embellished by hand or used as a base for applying needle- or bobbin-made motifs. Other popular nineteenth century laces combined machine-made tapes with needle lace.